Furnace



Sepv17,l935. J. A. MAsoNlcK FURNACE Filed Nov. 18, 1952 2 Sheets-Shea?.l

EAM 4,65@

Sem.. l,

J. A. MASONICK FURNACE 2 sheets-sheet 2 Filed NOV. 18, 1952 PatentedSept, 17, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 6 Claims.

My invention relates to self-stoking heating furnaces employing verticalrather than horizontal iire beds and which may be charged with a fuelsupply sufficient to last many hours.

5 It is the purpose of this invention to provide a cheap and yeteiiicient heating furnace of the above type that is compact,substantially smokeless and self-tending, and that is particularly Welladapted to burn low grade coal with a uni- 10 form and completecombustion.

Other novelV features rand their resultant features will be apparent tothose skilled in the art from the following descriptiongiven inconnection with the drawings, in which:

Fig. 1l is a vertical central section through a heatingfurnaceconstructed in accordance with my invention,

Fig. 2 is a horizontal stepped section taken on line 2 2 of Fig. 1, and

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1.5

Referring more particularly toy the drawings, the vfurnace is supportedupon a cylindrical base I which provides the usual ash pit 3 and alsosupports a re pot 4 which depends into the base and'has the usual grates6 extending across its lower opening. Arising from the base is thefurnace casing l which provides the usualV combustion chamber 8 closedat its upper end by a top 9.

The casing may be provided with an outer jacket Ill lif` it isrdesiredto use the furnace as a` hot air furnace.V The usual ue II connects tothe upper end of the combustion chamber for conducting the flue gases.VAccess may be had to the rinterior of the combustion chamber through atop door I2 and a side door I3, whereas access may behad to the ash pitvthrough the usual door I4." 1 v Disposed .within the combustion chamber8 and pot is a double walled inverted cup-like water boiler I6 which notonly provides a water chamber orY dome I'I but also constitutes a fuelmagaw z'ine or reservoirV I8 dened by the inner Wall of i theboiler. Thelower open end of the reservoir discharges-into the fire pot and upongrates 6.V

supported from the outer casingabove the fireV (Cl. 12B- 158) jacket, ifused, and establish communication to the exterior. These flues may alsohave openings 24 intermediate their ends leading into the combustionchamber. By means of these fiues auxiliary air may be supplied to thecombustion 5 chamber or fuel bed either by natural or forced draft.Furthermore, under certain conditions of combustion and fuel level theseflues prevent arching of the fuel or ash in the reservoir.Y

To conduct unburned gases which are gen- 10 erated in the reservoir tothercombustion chamber to completely burn them, I have provided a gasduct or flue 25 in the water boiler which communicates with thereservoir at its upper end l through an opening 26 formed in the innerwall 15 of the boiler. The duct extends downwardly and communicateswithv an annular carbureting chamber 21 formed by an enlargement formedin the upper rim of the re pot, communication being through an opening28 in an offset wall por- 20 tion 2S of the outer wall of the boiler.

The annular carbureting chamber 2l being an annular enlargement of thefire pot is never filled with coal or ashes. At the same time itcommunicates with'the combustion chamber and serves 25 to carburet ordistribute the unburned gases coming down throughV duct V2l! into thecomb-ustion chamber where they will be completely burned. The flow ofthese gases is indicated by the arrows in the drawings.

Under some conditions additional or auxiliary airV is desirable and forthis purpose the base is provided with an auxiliary air inlet 3Icommunicating with the chamber 21 and controlled by a butteriiy valve32. 35

AProvision is also made for forced draft. For this purpose a pipe 33 istapped into flue II and communicates with the ash pit through a pair ofpipes 34' which are directed upwardly toward the bottom of the grates. Ablower or fan 36 may be provided to force the hot flue gases from stackII downwardly and up through the grates. The blower may be electricallycontrolled from any suitable source, such as by thermostats in the roomsbeing supplied with heat through the necessary wires 31. Y

The water boiler is provided with water inlet connections 3B and a wateroutlet connection 39 which may be the source of supply for any desirednumber of radiators.

In use Vfuel such as any poor or low grade coal is dumped into the fuelreservoir by opening doors I2 and 2 I. The reservoir is preferablyfilled nearly to the top, as indicated in Fig. 1, and the coal will fallinto the fire pot upon the grates as shown. After the fuel has beenignited the lower portion of the coal will burn downwardly and the asheswill automatically fall into the ash pit. During combustion, gases willbe generated in the reservoir. These gases will pass out through opening26 down duct 25 and be fed into the combustion chamber at a plurality ofpoints around the carbureting ring 21, thus completing the combusti-on.Gas ues 23 will permit passage of gases liberated in the central regionof the fuel pile into the combustion chamber and by providing anauxiliary source of air tend to induce complete combustion. These fluesalso prevent arching of the coal.

It will be apparent from the foregoing that there has been provided aheating furnace which may not only be utilized to heat water but becauseof its large exposed surface surrounding the combustion chamber may alsobe used to heat the room in which the furnace is placed. Obviously thefurnace may be jacketed to provide an air heating chamber if desired.The furnace is cheap in construction, eflicient and clean in operation,needs practically no attention other than to charge the fuel reservoir,after which the furnace will operate for many hours and starts animmediate circulation of hot air. It has been found that the furnace ispractically smokeless and gives complete and uniform combustion.

Other advantages will be apparent to those skilled in the art to whom itwill also be apparent that changes may be made in the details ofconstruction without departing from the spirit and scope of theinvention as defined in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A heating furnace comprising a combustion chamber, an ash pit, a firepot between the combustion chamber and ash pit, said fire pot having aninturned rim providing a carbureting chamber within the re pot incommunication with said combustion chamber, a fuel reservoir within saidcombustion chamber above the fire pot and arranged to discharge fuelinto said fire pot, and a gas duct communicating with the upper regionof said reservoir and with said carbureting chamber for conducting gasesfrom the fuel reservoir to the carbureting chamber.

2. A heating furnace comprising a combustion chamber, an ash pit, a firepot between the combustion chamber and ash pit, a fuel reservoir withinsaid combustion chamber above the fire pot arranged to discharge fuelinto said re pot, an annular carburetor chamber adjacent to the J. fuelbed, said carburetor chamber being below the lower end of butcommunicating with said combustion chamber and substantially surroundingsaid combustion chamber, and a gas duct communicating with the upper endof said fuel reser-V voir and with said carburetor chamber forconducting gases from the fuel reservoir to said carburetor chamber.

3. A heating furnace comprising a combustion chamber, an ash pit, a firepot between the combustion chamberv and ash pit, a fuel reservoir withinthe combustion chamber above the fire pot and arranged to discharge fuelinto said fire pot, a

carburetor chamber in the rim of the fire pot substantially surroundingsaid combustion chamber and communicating therewith, and a gas ductcommunicating with the upper end of said fuel reservoir and with saidcarburetor chamber for conducting gases from the fuel reservoir to saidcarburetor chamber.

4. A heating furnace comprising a combustion chamber, an ash pit, a firepot between the combustion chamber and ash pit, a cylindrical double 10walled water boiler disposed within said combustion chamber above saidre pot, the chamber formed by the inner wall of said boiler constitutinga fuel reservoir and arranged to discharge into the're pot, a fuel inletat the top of said reservoir, 15 an annular carburetor chamber in therim of the lire pot substantially surrounding said combustion chamberadjacent the lower end of said water boiler, and a gas duct in saidboiler communicating at an end with the fuel reservoir adjacent itsupper end and at its other end with said carbureting chamber.

5. A furnace of the upright type comprising a furnace casing, a fire pottherein, there being'an ash pit below said fire pot and a combustionchamber above the same, an inverted cup-shaped double walled waterboiler the interior chamber of which constitutes a fuel magazine, saidboiler arranged eccentrically to the casing and re pot and being nestedin the rear part of the casing so that the combustion chamber proper isin the front part Yand upper part of the casing, there being anoff-draft connection with said upper part of the casing at the rearthereof, said re pot extending under the entire combustion chamber andfuel magazine, so that the products of combustion ascend at the frontside of the furnace and pass Iover the top or dome of said boiler, saidash pit having a rearwardly disposed irl-draft connection below thegrate, and a gas iiue leading 40; from the upper part of said fuelmagazine to the rear part of the fire pot.

6. A furnace of the upright type comprising a furnace casing, a fire pottherein, there being an ash pit below said nre pot and a combustioncham- 4g ber above the same, an inverted cup-shaped double walled waterboiler the interior chamber of which constitutes a fuel magazine, saidboiler arranged eccentrically to the casing and fire pot and beingnested in the rear part of the casing so that the combustion chamberproper is in the front part and upper part of the casing, there being anoff-draft connection with said upper part of the casing at the rearthereof, said re pot extending under the entire combustion cham- 5. berand fuel magazine, so that the products of combustion ascend at thefront side of the furnace and pass over the top or dome of said boiler,said ash pit having a rearwardly disposed in-draft connection below thegrate, a gas flue leading from the upper part of said fuel magazine tothe rearv part of the fire pot, and a fiue passing through thecombustion chamber connecting said magazine with the atmosphere, saidlast mentioned fiue having an opening into the combus- 05v tion chamber.

JOSEPH A. MASONICK.

